Ulama, Pondok, Halaqa, & Kitab is an online compendium of scholarship. This curates some of the empirical findings of scholars sharing our interest in networks led by Malay scholars from Patani (in Present-day South Thailand) from the 1780s. As is well-known, Patani was a Malay Sultanate subjugated by a series of military campaigns led by three Siamese monarchs between 1786 and the 1830s. Less well-known are the details of this network of scholars between Patani and the Middle East are less well-known. Ulama, Pondok, Halaqa, & Kitab makes available to (both professional and amateur) historians a wide range of research resources. This compendia includes an inventory of influential ulama involved in this network. This documents connections between them in their immediate families, the families they married into, and the institutions connected with these family networks across the Indian Ocean. Other elements in this dataset document how individual ‘alim (and their families) became influential—in both Patani and the Middle East. We reconstruct who established pondok schools and where and when these developed Patani’s network of traditionalist schools. The growth of these local institutions in Patani mirrors other initiatives led by Malay ulama from Patani following their relocation to the Middle East from the 1780s. Details are provided about how individual ‘alim became influential through a combination of teaching in halaqa and writing and publishing kitab. Our database of published religious texts authored by members of this network reveals most having been written by these Hijazi-based ulama. We also link the influence of ulama to both the number editions of individual kitab, and how many copies of these were made by scribes.
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